ANSWER

1. The first four locations connected to the ARPANET (the precursor to the Internet) were UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UC Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah.
2. The term “packet” refers to a small unit of data transmitted over a network. It typically contains both the data being sent and control information necessary for routing and error-checking.
3. The ARPANET, which evolved into the Internet, came first. It was established in the late 1960s, while the World Wide Web (WWW) was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in the late 1980s and became publicly accessible in the early 1990s.
4. Web 2.0 was revolutionary because it introduced a shift in how users interacted with the internet. It emphasized user-generated content, collaboration, and interactivity. Web 2.0 applications allowed users to participate actively through social media, blogs, wikis, and other platforms, as opposed to the more static, one-way communication of Web 1.0.
5. The so-called “killer app” for the Internet was email. Email provided a practical and widely-used application that drove the adoption of the Internet in its early days, allowing people to communicate electronically over long distances.
6. VoIP stands for “Voice over Internet Protocol.” It is a technology that enables voice communication and multimedia sessions over the Internet or other IP networks, often replacing traditional telephone systems.
7. LAN stands for “Local Area Network.” It is a network of interconnected computers and devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, or campus. LANs are typically used for local communication and resource sharing.
8. An intranet is a private network within an organization that uses internet technologies to securely share information and resources among employees. An extranet, on the other hand, extends this concept to include external parties, such as suppliers, customers, or partners, who are granted controlled access to parts of the intranet.
9. Metcalfe’s Law states that the value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of its users. In essence, as more users join a network, its value and utility increase exponentially because each user can potentially connect with every other user.

Difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web:

1. Nature and Scope:
   • The Internet is a vast global network of interconnected computers and networks. It serves as the infrastructure that allows data to be exchanged worldwide.
   • The World Wide Web (WWW), on the other hand, is a subset of the Internet. It refers specifically to a system of interconnected hypertext documents and multimedia content that is accessed via web browsers. The WWW is a service or application that runs on top of the Internet.
2. Function:
   • The Internet serves as the underlying network that facilitates various services and communication methods, including email, file sharing, instant messaging, VoIP, online gaming, and more.
   • The World Wide Web is primarily a system for accessing and viewing web pages, documents, and multimedia content through URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and hyperlinks. It’s primarily focused on information retrieval and presentation.
3. Examples:
   • The Internet includes all forms of online communication and data exchange, including non-web services like email, FTP (File Transfer Protocol), and online gaming.
   • The World Wide Web encompasses websites, online forums, blogs, and web applications, where users navigate through web pages using hyperlinks.

QUESTION

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