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Food Security and Technology.

Food Security and Technology.

ANSWER

Cover Page

[Your Name] Course Title: [Course Name] Selected Developing Country: [Name of Chosen Country from UN List] Date: [Current Date] Instructor: [Instructor’s Name]


Introduction

Food security is a pressing global issue that affects millions of people, particularly in developing countries. This assessment delves into the intricate relationship between poverty, population growth, and food insecurity. By focusing on a specific developing country from the United Nations list, we will examine the multifaceted challenges that hinder access to adequate nutrition and explore technological solutions that have the potential to mitigate these issues.


What is Food Insecurity, and What Role Does Population Growth Play in It?

Food insecurity is a condition characterized by the lack of consistent access to enough nutritious food to lead an active and healthy life. This issue is closely intertwined with population growth, as an increasing population amplifies the demand for food. However, population growth alone does not cause food insecurity. Several factors contribute to this complex problem, including:

  1. Inadequate Food Distribution: In many developing countries, inefficient food distribution systems hinder the flow of food from production sources to the people. Political instability, poor infrastructure, and logistical challenges are major culprits.
  2. Political-Agricultural Practices: Widespread use of harmful pesticides and fertilizers, as well as the prioritization of cash crops for export, can adversely affect food production and quality.
  3. Economic Issues: Government policies that emphasize cash crop production for foreign markets can lead to shortages of staple foods in domestic markets, affecting the most vulnerable populations.
  4. Civil Strife: Civil wars and conflicts can disrupt food supply chains, causing food shortages and exacerbating food insecurity.

Population growth exacerbates these challenges. As the global population is expected to reach 11 billion by the end of the 21st century, the demand for food is predicted to rise significantly. However, the real problem lies in ensuring that this increased food production is accessible to all, especially in developing countries.


What Specific Factors Interrupt the Flow of Food in the Selected Developing Country?

For the purpose of this assessment, we will focus on [Name of Chosen Country] as a representative case study. In [Chosen Country], several factors contribute to food insecurity by disrupting the flow of food from the source to the people:

  1. Political Instability: [Chosen Country] has experienced periods of political instability, which have disrupted the functioning of critical food distribution channels. Clashes for control of key distribution points have hindered the timely delivery of food to those in need.
  2. Infrastructure Challenges: The country faces significant infrastructure deficits, including poorly functioning port facilities, limited transportation options, and inadequate road networks. These deficiencies make it difficult to transport food efficiently from production centers to distribution points.
  3. Economic Priorities: [Chosen Country]’s government has historically prioritized cash crops for export, which diverts agricultural resources away from staple food production. This policy choice has led to food shortages in local markets and contributed to food insecurity among the population.
  4. Civil Unrest: Civil strife and conflict have been recurring issues in [Chosen Country]. These conflicts disrupt food supply chains, making it challenging to distribute food to affected regions. Food becomes a weapon in the hands of various factions, further exacerbating the crisis.

What Forms of Technology Can Be Used to Reduce Hunger and Improve Food Security?

Technological advancements hold great promise for addressing food insecurity in [Chosen Country] and similar developing nations. Several technological solutions can be implemented to reduce hunger and improve food security:

  1. Precision Agriculture: Precision agriculture technologies, such as remote sensing and data analytics, can optimize crop yields by providing farmers with real-time information about soil conditions, weather patterns, and pest threats. This can lead to increased food production.
  2. Food Distribution Platforms: Developing efficient digital platforms for food distribution can enhance the transparency and reliability of supply chains. Blockchain technology, for instance, can track the movement of food from source to consumer, reducing losses and ensuring fair distribution.
  3. Agricultural Biotechnology: Biotechnological innovations, such as genetically modified (GM) crops, can enhance crop resilience, yield, and nutritional content. Research into GM crops that thrive in [Chosen Country]’s specific climate and soil conditions could boost food production.
  4. Water Management: Sustainable water management technologies, including drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting systems, can help conserve water resources, especially in regions prone to droughts. This ensures a more stable food supply.
  5. Mobile Applications: Mobile apps can empower farmers with information on market prices, weather forecasts, and best agricultural practices. These apps can improve farmers’ decision-making and enhance their productivity.
  6. Post-Harvest Technologies: Technologies like solar dryers and improved storage facilities can extend the shelf life of perishable foods, reducing post-harvest losses and ensuring a more reliable food supply.

Incorporating these technological solutions in [Chosen Country] can contribute to improved food security by addressing production challenges, enhancing distribution systems, and increasing agricultural productivity.


In conclusion, food insecurity in [Chosen Country] and other developing nations is a complex issue influenced by factors such as political instability, inadequate distribution systems, and economic priorities. Population growth adds urgency to the need for effective solutions. Embracing technological advancements in agriculture, distribution, and water management offers a pathway to reduce hunger and improve food security in these regions. By addressing these challenges, we can work towards achieving the goal of building food systems that can feed everyone, everywhere, and every day, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for millions of people.

Food Security and Technology.

QUESTION

Description

 

 

The members of the United Nations found great value in the whitepaper you provided on population growth. They are now asking you to expand the whitepaper to include global food security as it relates to population growth and poverty. Read the overview and provide an assessment based on the questions below.

I.Overview            

We can define global food security as the effort to build food systems that can feed everyone, everywhere, and every day by improving its quality and promoting nutritional agriculture (1). That said, there are certain practices that can advance this project:

  1. Identifying      the underlying causes of hunger and malnutrition
  2. Investing      in country-specific recovery plans
  3. Strengthening      strategic coordination with institutions like the UN and the World Bank
  4. Encouraging      developed countries to make sustained financial commitments to its success

We must bear in mind that more than 3 billion people—nearly one-half of the world’s population—subsist on as little as $2.50 a day, with nearly 1.5 billion living in extreme poverty on less than $1.25 a day. According to the World Health Organization, the United Nations, and other relief agencies, about 20,000 people (mostly children) starve to death in the world every day, for a total of about 7 million people a year. In addition, about 750 million (twice the population of the United States) do not have access to clean drinking water, meaning that some one million people die every year from diarrhea caused by water-borne diseases.

The earth’s population has grown since it reached 7 billion in 2010. It is expected to reach 8 billion in 2025, 9 billion in 2040, and 11 billion by the end of the 21st century (2). If the demand for food is predicted to rise 50% by 2030 and 70% by 2050, the real problem is not necessarily growing enough food, but rather making that amount available to people. Moreover, food illnesses are prevalent, with nearly 600 million reported cases of foodborne diseases each year. These mainly affect children but can also negatively impact the livelihood of farmers, vendors, trade associations, and ultimately, can reduce the Gross Domestic Product (national income) of a country. These issues can impose tremendous human, economic, social, and fiscal costs on countries, so addressing them allows governments to devote more resources to making desperately needed infrastructure improvements that raise the quality of life for everyone.

It is not enough to have adequate supplies of food available. Policies that focus exclusively on food production can exacerbate the problem, particularly if, to satisfy the need for quantity, the quality of the food is left wanting.

Reasons for Food Insecurity

Certainly, poverty and the contributing systemic internal conditions are the driving factors behind keeping adequate food resources from reaching people, but it is only one of several. Others are discussed next.

Inadequate Food Distribution: The reality is that there is more than enough food in the world to feed its people, but the primary cause of famine is not poor weather conditions as much as it is getting the food to the people who need it most. Quite often, disruptions in food distribution result from political instability and poor infrastructure (such as poorly functioning port facilities, lack of transportation options, and inadequate road networks). Paradoxically, although the world’s population is increasing, the amount of potential food available will increase along with it, due mostly to advances in bio-agricultural engineering and seed immunity to molds.

Writing in the late 18th century, Thomas Malthus warned that the global population would exceed the earth’s capacity to grow food, in that while the population would grow exponentially, food production would grow only arithmetically. Although this theory was proved invalid, its propagation has unfortunately resulted in some governments rationalizing political choices that avoid helping the poverty-ridden and starving.

Political-Agricultural Practices: The widespread use of microbiological, chemical, and other forms of pesticides in food continues to be a serious issue throughout the global food chain. Widespread use of fertilizers also causes illness in millions of people every year, not only from the food itself, but from run-off into streams and rivers, contaminating entire water supplies. The human, social, fiscal, and economic costs of such practices impede improvements not only in the raising of crops, but in their distribution. Added to this, the rising demand in developed countries for biofuels, refined mostly from corn and soybean, reduces the amount of arable land devoted to producing food. 

The failure of many farmers in the developing world to rotate their crops harms the replenishing of nutrients necessary to continue growing crops. In addition, neglecting to allow land to remain fallow exhausts the soil, making it much more difficult to raise a decent amount of food per acre the following growing season.

Economic Issues: The fact is, government policies that focus on growing cash crops, for example, are designed solely to export them to earn foreign exchange. This may be fine for the government in its effort to earn money, but the result is that farmers end up growing for foreign markets and not domestic ones, leading to shortages of necessary staples. Consequently, the poorest of the population are frozen out of the local markets because they cannot afford the food that remains to be sold (3).

Civil Strife: Civil war can interrupt the flow of food from gathering depots, such as ports, to distribution centers where it can be handed out to people. During the 1990s, Somalia was particularly hard hit by their civil war, as clans fought for control of the main port at Mogadishu, which affected the flow of food to the rest of the population. In this case, as with many civil wars, whoever controls the supply of food controls the country. In failed and failing states like Zimbabwe, Congo, Haiti, South Sudan, Yemen, and Libya, food is very often another weapon used by one segment of the population against another.

Sources:

1.Peter Timmer. 2015. Food Security and Scarcity: Why Ending Hunger Is So Hard. Foreign Affairs magazine.

2.The United Nations Population Division. 2017. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/w…

3.Will Martin. November 2010. Food Security and Poverty: A Precarious Balance. Let’s Talk Development blog by The World Bank. http://blogs.worldbank.org/developmenttalk/food-se…

II.Assessment

The issue is not the lack of food in the world, but the access to food. In many developing countries, the food shortage is due to governmental control over food. These governments maintain control and preference by limiting access of nutritious food to certain groups, thereby weaponizing food.

In this second assignment, research the impact of poverty on global food security and the potential technological solutions. Write a minimum of four pages (not including the cover letter) assessing the impact of food insecurity. Select one country from the United Nations list of developing countries to use as an example throughout your assessment. The completed version of this assignment will include the following items:

  • Cover page: Include your      name, title of course, name of the developing country you have chosen from      the UN list, current date, and the name of your instructor.
  • Introduction: Introduce the      topic of the whitepaper (half-page minimum).
  • One-page      (minimum) answers to each of the following questions (for a total of three      pages):

What is food insecurity, and what role does population growth play in it?

What specific factors interrupt the flow of food from the source to the people in the developing country you selected?

What forms of technology can be used to reduce hunger and improve food security? Explain how these technological solutions would work.

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