Question Description
Please respond to the following discussions 100 words one reference each
#1 Stephanie Mortimer-Wallace
To plan adequately to maximize performance management, meet targets, and capacity planning of healthcare organizations, measures must be taken to ensure adequate supply is available to meet consumer demands (DunhamTaylor & Pinczuk, 2015). Measures of supply in healthcare is an indication of the amount of care that can be made available which would include, staffing, available bed space, equipment, budget, and the ability to manage waiting times. These measures can be used in isolation or in combination such as nurses to available beds, consultants to operating theatres, total doctors to availability of beds and funds that are available per bed. Measures of demand in healthcare are indicative of the quality of health services that a particular population is requesting (DunhamTaylor & Pinczuk, 2015). For example, a high number of inpatient admissions may be indicative of a high demand for service; however, this could also be indicative of the health of the population. As much as these services may be the legitimate needs of the population, measures of demand must be interpreted appropriately and with caution. Waiting times can be considered as both supply and demand and increasing waiting times could suggest that there is both a decrease in supply in the face of constant demand, and or a rising demand in the face of constant supply.
With the availability of the Affordable Care Act coming on stream in 2010, there has been an increase in the number of persons with health insurance, which has lead to a greater demand on providers for health care services (Wishner & Burton, 2017). Stakeholders such as consumers, providers, payer s suppliers, and regulators have had to increase capacity in response to this increase demand by relying on revenue from newly insured patients, especially those newly covered by Medicaid (DunhamTaylor & Pinczuk, 2015). Stakeholders, healthcare systems and community health centers have all hired new staff, opened new delivery sites, including urgent care centers and retail clinics, and implemented longer hours to increase the supply of available healthcare to American citizens and residence (Wishner & Burton, 2017).
References
Dunham-Taylor, J., & Pinczuk, J. Z. (2015). Financial management for nurse managers: merging the heart with the dollar. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Wishner, J. & Burton. R. (2017) How Have Providers Responded to the Increased Demand for Health Care Under the Affordable Care Act? Retrieved from https://www.rwjf.org/en/library/research/2017/11/how-have-providers-responded-to-the-increased-demand-for-health-care-under-the-aca.html
#2 Tinesha Henry
Supply and demand within healthcare unfortunately has been an unbalanced and in retrospective of the current climate due to the Global Covid19 pandemic, sadly I have witnessed the first-hand catastrophic effects of how short the supply is in meeting the demand. Nursing shortages have always negatively impacted healthcare organization which results in globally higher staffing shortages within high percentage of healthcare organizations. Studies also indicate health care professionals that are providing direct patient nursing care are the most unsatisfied compared to any other profession. More recent reports indicate patient satisfaction levels have declined due to staff affected by burn-out syndrome. This places health care facilities at significant risk as patients are at higher risk for safety and quality nursing care concerns. The Covid19 pandemic has resulted in unparalleled strain on the already burdened US health care system in fact it is suggested that this virus has the possibility of becoming an a common dweller that will often infect humans as this strain of the virus will persist indefinitely (Edelman, 2020). However, as the cases of the virus accelerate the need for health care workers are becoming more vital than ever, as I mentioned earlier there are none. The united states were grossly unprepared for this inevitable pandemic as we did not have the resources to even provide standard care prior to this pandemic, as a result, healthcare worker and patients alike perished. In relation to Global Covid 19 pandemic I will anticipate significant loss would be the effect on stakeholders in relation to the American Care Act (Khera, 2020). Millions of people have lost their jobs therefor are unable to pay for insurance, including the socioeconomically disadvantage population who are being affected by this virus at alarming rates. Hospitals have loss billions of dollars as a result some are even closing their doors.
Reference
Edelman, L (2020) Mitigating the Effects of a Pandemic: Facilitating Improved Nursing Home Care Delivery Through Technology. JMIR Aging. Vol 3(1)- doi: 10.2196/20110
Khera, R (2020) Evaluation of the Anticipated Burden of COVID-19 on Hospital-Based Healthcare Services Across the United States. MedRxiv. doi: 10.1101/2020.04.01.20050492
#3 Stephanie Mortimer-Wallace
Data and programs that are stored and accessed via the Internet in place of using the hard drive of your computer are considered cloud computing (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2016). Our personal and professional privacy can be subjected to cloud computing issues such as the disclosure of a patient s personal health information and unauthorized access. Cloud computing allows users the opportunity to sync different devices to support the distribution and collaboration of information. According to McGonigle & Mastrian 2016, cloud computing is being made attractive, as it promotes communication with the ability to share highly sensitive data among stakeholders in healthcare. As per Essential V, this process allows for the ease of accessing information, which would improve the quality of care patients receive and therefore improve patient outcomes (AACN, 2011).
With the widespread use of cloud computing in healthcare, major security and privacy challenges in relation to patient s information have been created. This type of computing has demonstrated the ability to be a significant and valuable set of technologies which affords the healthcare industry substantial benefits; however, due to the great demand of these technologies, there remains challenges such as not having adequate visibility and control, data breaches and downtime, and complications with compliance.
Having visibility in cloud computing refers to doing away with the blind spots that can cause an organization to overspend, have deficiencies in performances, and issues relating security. It would be beneficial to having information technology (IT) on-site as it allows for organizations to have total control with respect to all elements relating to their information, and security; however, cloud computing assist in decreasing IT workloads. When healthcare organizations operate in cloud computing, visibility is somewhat difficult, and some of the responsibilities for the monitoring of information privacy and security is given to whoever is the proving service for the storage of cloud data (Deshmukh, 2018). This means the service provider has control of the physical data center, control of what data travels through their network, and control of application accomodated on its physical server, which can lead to organizations losing their visibility over data and applications (Deshmukh, 2018). Once visibility is lost, there is potential risk and breaches can occur as it relates to patients privacy and security.
It is important to note that when organizations experience down time, there is a cost associated with it in the form of data. In my view, healthcare is constantly moving and within such an emergent environment, lost time could mean lost of life. Determining a resolution for this issue is solely in the hands of the cloud provider and consequently the organization has very little control over how long the downtime will last, thus creating an environment for security and privacy glitches. According to Deshmukh 2018, IBM sponsored a study in the 12th annual Cost of Data Breach, it was noted that the worldwide cost of data breaches amounted to some $3.62 million, therefore it can be stated that this a major issue when it comes to cloud management, approval, and acceptance.
Due to the heavy considerations given to healthcare legislative requirements when it comes to patient information privacy and security, the ability to achieve full compliance in cloud computing is a very complex issue. Organizations because of these laws seek out cloud providers that are recognized as fully compliant; however, there is data that shows there are some 51% of organization within the United States that depend on having nothing more than a statement of compliance from their cloud provider as confirmation that all laws that require privacy and security are being maintained (Deshmukh, 2018). However if an incidence occurs, such as a breach in confidentiality, and it is found out that the cloud provider was not in compliance with the legislative laws as it relates to patient privacy and security, the organization could be liable and face non-compliance charges, with very little control over how they could come to a resolution as it relates to the problem they have found themselves in.
There is no doubt that cloud computing is a very valuable technology for healthcare organizations due to the amount of data that requires storage; however, simply buying into cloud services is not a 100% way to eliminate difficulty in data security. Healthcare organizations are still required to be responsible for ensuring that the data they collect is properly stored and monitored; however, if any security breach does occur, there are a series of actions in place to manage any incidence to which they are open to attack. Hence, cloud visibility, the transparency of cloud services should be completely evaluated before full responsibility for patient privacy and security is relinquished to any cloud data organization.
References
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), (2011, March 21). The essentials of master s education in nursing Retrieved from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/education-resources/MasterEssentials11.pdf
Deshmukh, S. (2018) Cloud Computing Security Challenges and Considerations Retrieved from https://dzone.com/articles/cloud-computing-security-challenges-and-considerat
McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2018). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
#4 Shannon Del Orbe Been
Cloud computing is a technology computing-based resource system and service. Health care experts and clinical leaders trust it s to be a great source for improve health care services, benefit health care research, and healthcare information. Examples of current cloud applications include Microsoft, Google, and Apple apps.
One type of major security and privacy challenges for healthcare cloud computing is distributed programming. Sensitive information is often recorded and stored through encrypted cloud use. The main problem to encrypt data, especially large data sets, is the all-or-nothing retrieval policy of encrypted data, disallowing users to easily perform fine grained actions such as sharing records or searches (Abdullah & Bakar, 2018). Additional data utilized through cloud systems are analyzed in study cases. The data shared throughout the cloud system must meet security agreements. Healthcare data is sensitive and improper use could create systematic privacy concerns,
The second type of privacy and security challenge is data and transaction logging. Captured and stored in a multi-functional storage media system manually within the healthcare setting. Virtual exchange of data between tiers gives the IT manager direct control over exactly what data is moved and when (2016). The amount of data transcribed, capture, and shared determines on the accessibility limits systemwide. Information must be monitored to prevent any misuse of all healthcare laws.
Real-time security monitoring has always been a challenge in healthcare, given the number of alerts generated by devices (2016). These alerts lead to many false positives, which are mostly ignored or simply clicked away, as humans cannot cope with the shear amount (Abdullah & Bakar, 2018). Real time cloud access may consist of healthcare consults and visits. A major cloud communing system is through tele medical portals and devices such as zoom to conduct provider visits. To address the challenges would be based on focusing the quality of tele health an office visit. MSN Essential III, is designed to improve the leaders intellect on quality and safety improvements. Many leaders believe that the cloud communing system will create the balance between protecting all source of data systemwide.
Reference
Abdullah, S., & Bakar, K. A. (2018). Security and Privacy Challenges in Cloud Computing. 2018 Cyber Resilience Conference (CRC). doi:10.1109/cr.2018.8626872
Cloud Security, Privacy, and Trust Baselines. (2016). Cloud Computing Security, 45-58. doi:10.1201/9781315372112-5